The Music Of The Classical Symphony - 1414 Words

There are precious few artists in the course of history who made such a dramatic development and impact throughout the course of their careers as Ludwig van Beethoven. His nine symphonies are a perfect example of such a metamorphosis of musical genius. Not only his compositional strides, but the manner in which he made them is extremely important to the shape of our musical culture. Throughout the development of his works, Beethoven kept one foot in the past while reaching and cultivating the artistic future of the symphonic form, thus shaping a societal view of the art form as a whole. The maturation of his nine symphonies can best be categorized by Beethoven’s manipulation of classical form and orchestration as a vehicle of stylistic and†¦show more content†¦Even with foreshadowing hints of Beethoven’s individualism (i.e. opening chord inferring alternate key, irregular phrase lengths), most technical aspects of his first symphony fall squarely into the mold of sonata-allegro form. After the traditional setting in Symphony #1, Beethoven varied his treatment of the 3rd movement as a traditional â€Å"Minuet† form while substituting a â€Å"Scherzo† for the penultimate movements of Symphonies 2, 3, and 5. Beethoven is credited for inventing this movement of the symphonic form and it is his original treatments of the â€Å"scherzo† that define its characteristics of tempo, length, and style. Adding new flair and style, the scherzo is almost twice as fast as the dance based â€Å"minuet† form of the classical and baroque period. Beethoven did not abandon the Minuet, as it reappears in later symphonies, but the implementation of this new symphonic movement gives credence to the notion that Beethoven had mastered the traditional form, and felt free to alter the compositional structure to give the greatest effect to the work as a whole. By the completion of his 7th Symphony, Beethoven had developed the scherzo into a serious movement of the classical symphonic form. Beethoven also created variances within the Sonata-Allegro form especially in closing movements of his symphonies. Careful analysis will yield that Beethoven’s treatment of the final movement of Symphony #6 unveils a clear definition of 5 major

Angular Momentum Quantum Number Definition

The angular momentum quantum number, ℓ, is the quantum number associated with the angular momentum of an atomic electron. The angular momentum quantum number determines the shape of the electrons orbital. Also Known As: azimuthal quantum number, second quantum number Example: A p orbital is associated with an angular momentum quantum number equal to 1. History The angular momentum quantum number came from the Bohr model of the atom, as proposed by Arnold Sommerfeld. The lowest quantum number from spectroscopic analysis had an angular momentum quantum number of zero. The orbit was considered to be an oscillating charge, which appeared as a sphere in three dimensions. Source Eisberg, Robert (1974). Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei and Particles. New York: John Wiley Sons Inc. pp. 114–117. ISBN 978-0-471-23464-7.

Bullying Is Not Tolerated By The United States Department...

As stories like Moniques and other people demonstrates, there are policies out there that just simply do not work.. One is called zero-tolerance policies, and while these succeed at sending the message that bullying is not tolerated, there are several problems with them. Nora M. Findlay believes, â€Å" One of the most serious problems inherent in zero tolerance is that it treats dissimilar problems in a similar way† (6). Secondly, â€Å"Students and teachers may be less likely to report and address bullying if suspension or expulsion is the consequence† (United States Department of Health and Human Services). Two other policies that are used but never works is called peer-mediation, and conflict resolution. The United States Department of Health and Human Services stresses, â€Å"Conflict involves antagonism among two or more people. Whereas any two people can have a conflict (or a disagreement or a fight) bullying only occurs when there is a power imbalance-where o ne child has a hard time defending himself or herself† (â€Å"Myths about Bullying† sect. 1). This difference is very important to be aware of because these strategies can make the people being bullied feel even worse. Not only that, but it sends the message that all children share equal blame, which is definitely not an appropriate message. The message to the person being bullied should be, Not only that, but some people also are guilty of confusing tattling with telling. It is extremely important that every bullying report isShow MoreRelatedBullying And Its Effect On Human Behavior1110 Words   |  5 PagesThat is why it is important to be specific when describing what bullying is. Bullying is any aggressive behavior that takes advantage of a real or a thought to be a real power imbalance in order to humiliate, hurt, or scare another person. Hughes stated, â€Å"Three necessary elements of bullying are that the behavior (a) involves the intent to cause fear or harm, (b) is repetitious, and (c) is perpetuated by a person who holds some form of power over the person at whom the behavior is directed† (3-4)Read MoreCurrent Bullying Laws Not Working1100 Words   |  5 Pages Current Bullying Laws Not Working Bullying is something that has been going on in schools and communities for centuries. There are however, laws that have been put into place to help prevent bullying. These laws were first started in 1964. However, â€Å"under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 does not directly cover religion, often religious based harassments are based on shared ancestry of ethnic characteristics which is covered.†(FederalRead MoreViolence Against Student Nurses and Newly Registered Nurses1070 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent nurses, newly registered nurses, workplace violence Violence against student nurses and newly registered nurses The health industry may be one of the most violent industries in America. An American National Crime Victimization Survey on violence in the workplace from 1993 to 1999 found that nurses experienced work-related crime at twice the rate of any other health care provider (2001). Nurses reportedly experience workplace violence at a rate four times greater than the average employeeRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Well Known Status For Destroying The Confidence And Esteem Of Our World s Youth2885 Words   |  12 PagesGovernment Period 2 12 March 2015 Eliminating Cyberbullying Bullying has had a well known status for destroying the confidence and esteem of our world’s youth for decades. Recently, a new form of bullying has emerged and has taken over the technological environment. Similar to a student physically bullying another peer, we see victims hurt after an attack over misuse of the Internet. Cyberbullying has been much harder to track than face-to-face bullying. It has also been easier for someone to attack anotherRead MoreUnderstand the Organisational Framework for Play3604 Words   |  15 PagesEmma Hawkins PW 3-11 Understand the organisational Framework for Play â€Å"The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the child. Everyone in the U.K, including children and young people, have rights that are recognised and protected. These rights are granted by legislation, for example, Human right legislation, The Children Act, etc, which have evolved from a variety of sources. One of these sources is The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the child. Before this was adopted any laws relatingRead MoreGuidelines, Policies And Procedures Within England Affecting The Safeguarding Of Children And Young People6766 Words   |  28 Pagessafeguarding within the United Kingdom. The 5 main recommendations were, a closer working relationship between all agencies working with children and young people, a central database of all children and to which agencies they are known, an independent children’s commissioner to protect the rights of children and young people, a child and families board chaired by a government minister, and finally OFSTED will set up a framework, which will monitor all children centric services. The United Nation ConventionRead MoreWorkplace Violence : Steps And Prevent It2402 Words   |  10 PagesDON’TS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 SUMMARY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10, 11 REFERENCES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 INTRODUCTION Workplace violence refers to violence whether it is physical abuse or threat, endangering the health and safety of an employee or multiple employees. Workplace violence can be any violent act that occurs in the workplace by creating a hostile work environment that affects employees physical or psychological well-being. Violence in the workplaceRead MoreEssay on Cyp 3.310914 Words   |  44 Pagesregistered with Nspcc and gets help for children who are in the country. They provide service, advice, support, campaigning and education activities for children. The NSPCCs local services will concentrate on important issues and groups of children most at risk: †¢ those who experience neglect †¢ physical abuse in high-risk families (those families with violent adults, alcohol and drug abuse and mental health issues) †¢ those who experience sexual abuse †¢ children under the age of one †¢ disabledRead MoreHow to Safeguard the Well-Being of Children and Young People6459 Words   |  26 Pageschild abuse. England and Wales produced separates- Working Together to Safeguard Children (1999) – which emphasised the responsibilities of professionals towards children who are at risk of harm. Children Act 2004 By 2003 it was clear that services for children were still not working together and protect vulnerable children in our society. This was highlighted by the tragic death of Victoria Climbie at the hands of her carers resulting in an independent inquiry into her death. The LamingRead MoreGuidelines, Policies And Procedures Within Ownu.k Home Nation Affecting The Safeguarding Of Children And Young People10852 Words   |  44 Pagesimpairment of children s health and development, ensuring that children grow up in circumstances consistent with the provision and effective care and taking action to enable all children to have the best outcomes.† Having safeguards in place not only protects and promotes the welfare of children but also it enhances the confidence of staff, volunteers, parents/carers and the general public in the schools and other organisations working with children. In 1989 the United Nations Convention on the

Child Abuse And Neglect Of Children - 1486 Words

Child Abuse Child abuse and neglect is a really big problem in our society. Child abuse is physical maltreatment or sexual molestation of a child. Child abuse can also be emotional which in most cases people don’t notice it unless the child speaks up about it and tells an adult to get help. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration on Children, Youth Families, Child Maltreatment 2000, about three million children in America were involved in child abuse and neglect reports in 2000. Almost one third of those cases were confirmed as children being victims of child abuse or neglect. Children are being abused everyday and sometimes the abuse is not noticed because the child can be being abused emotionally or sexually without anyone knowing what the child has gone through. A child abuse report is made almost every 10 seconds according to the ChildHelp website. Child abuse is not only violent there many other types of abuse but it seems that physical abuse is the one that is most noticeable to others. People seem to think that child abuse can’t happen in good families. Sometimes families who have everything they want in life and their life is so perfect are actually hiding something behind closed doors in their home. Bad people may abuse their children because they too have been victims of child abuse and maybe that’s the only way they know how to parent their children. Other bad people can be struggling with a mental illness, substance abuseShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children1670 Words   |  7 PagesChild Abuse and Neglect Are you a child being abused by your parent? Do you need help? Why would any parent do that to their child or children? Child abuse is common, there are many different kinds of abuse. Most of the abuse occurs within the family. Child abuse is more than bruises and broken bones. While physical abuse might be the most visible, other types of abuse such as, emotional abuse and neglect, also leave deep, lasting scars on the children (Smith, M.A, Segal). Studies have shown thatRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children Essay1276 Words   |  6 Pages Child Abuse and Neglect Tracy Vargas Arizona State University Child Abuse and Neglect In 2002 child protective service (CPS) agencies investigated more than 2.6 million reports of alleged child abuse and neglect (Harder, 2005, p. 1). The topic I have selected for this paper is child abuse and neglect. In this paper I will provide information of the findings for four different articles, I will include results provided by each article, finding similarities or dissimilarities. TheRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children924 Words   |  4 PagesChildren get abused and die everyday of abuse and neglect. In 2005 1,460 died throughout the year of child abuse or neglect. The majority of kids who get abused are mostly 3 years or younger (77 percent ). The United States has one of the worst records, losing on average of 3-7 kids everyday to child abuse or neglect. Throughout the year there are referrals to the state child protective services that involve 6.6 million children, and about 3.2 million of the children are subject to an investigatedRead MoreChild Abuse And Negl ect Of Children1291 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse and neglect are highly contested concepts, underpinned by and subject to a range of political and cultural factors particular to the society in which they occur. Therefore, child abuse and neglect are not phenomena that lend themselves to easy definition or measurement (Corby, 2006:79). This means that child abuse or neglect cannot be defined unless we take the cultural context into consideration, for what is considered to be abusive or neglectful in one society could be acceptable inRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children1400 Words   |  6 PagesChild Abuse and Neglect Child abuse and neglect refers to any way in which someone harms a child. It also includes neglecting to protect a child from harm, potential harm, or allowing a child to witness violence or abuse to others. Harm to the child may or may not be intended. Children of abuse often have no one to turn to for help. Children often feel shame about their abuse or fear their abuser. The abuser may have threatened the child if he or she tells anyone about the abuse. It is up to adultsRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the time I was a little girl, I’ve wanted a child. I always loved getting new toy baby dolls, and being able to take care of them as if they were really my children. Now, at age seventeen, I still can’t wait to be a mother. I’ve always promised myself that when I have a child of my own, he or she would be my top priority and I would love him or her with everything I have. Because of this mindset, it breaks my heart when I see or hear about children being abused and neglected by their parents. AccordingRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children Essay944 Words   |  4 Pages Everyday, approximately 5 children die from abuse and neglect. Child abuse is when a child is physically injured or sexually abused. Sadly, there are many different forms of child abuse and neglect. There is physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, substance abuse, and emotional abuse. This abuse is very well known but most people don t realize that the people around you could be in that situation. Imagine being a young child, old enough to understand right from wrong, being abused and having toRead MoreChildren With Child Abuse And Neglect877 Words   |  4 Pagestypes of programs that are available for youth and families where child abuse and neglect is apparent. Such programs that are available for young people and non-offending family members are Forensic Interviews, Family Services, Therapy Counseling, and Prevention Education. Other programs are available in different areas for families where youth are showing different types of outcries to help non-offending family members an d the child get the help that is needed for several of reasons. Such other programsRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children Essay2663 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"There were 3.5 million reports of child maltreatment in the United States involving more than six million children† (Children’s Rights, 2014). In this paper, I will be talking about the various aspects of child abuse and neglect. A report of child abuse and neglect happens every ten seconds here in the United States. I thought about this idea for my paper because I have seen somebody in my family who suffered child abuse. I also thought about it because I used to work at a gymnastics center andRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children1846 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout history, children have been subjected to extensive abuse and neglect including but not limited to physical, sexual and psychological abuse and neglect alongside being provided with little to no rights. To combat this, individual stat es within our nation initiated Child Abuse reporting laws starting in 1963 which quickly spread throughout the nation. However, these laws oftentimes failed to adequately address and treat the extensive instances of child abuse and neglect due to lack of support

“My Bondage and My Freedom” Free Essays

My Bondage and My Freedom is Frederick Douglass’ second autobiography, written in 1855.   It is important to remember that this work was written before Abraham Lincoln was elected President and before the Civil War. Slavery was becoming a volatile issue in the South and was threatening to split our young nation in two. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"My Bondage and My Freedom† or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Additionally, it is important to remember that while slavery had some supporters in other sections of the nation, it was mainly a Southern issue. This is where the slaves were bought and sold and this is where the plantations depended so heavily on slave labor to be able to produce a product that was then sold and reaped great profits.   White American’s attitude differed depending on where they lived and how close they were to the issue; for the purpose of this paper the focus will be on attitudes in the South. In 1790 all white persons were granted citizenship in the United States.   This indicates how most white people felt about African Americans.   They were seen as, at best, a lower class and, at worst, no better than the animals that helped around the farm; the cows and the horses.   However, in some small towns slaves became part of the family and the family worked alongside their slaves to ensure survival.   This, unfortunately, was not Douglass’ experience.   Douglass writes, â€Å"After the valuation, then came the division.   This was an hour of high excitement and distressing anxiety.   Our destiny was now to be fixed for life, and we had no more voice in the decision of the question, than the oxen and cows that stood chewing at the haymow.† (138) Choices afforded to slaves were few and far between.   They were told where they would work, live, and be.   If they were lucky, they worked in a home where it was warm and relatively comfortable.   If they were unlucky or rebellious they were sent to slave breakers who were considered professionals at breaking the will of slaves who constantly ran or disobeyed their owners.   Douglass writes of his experience with one such man whom he calls Mr. Covey.   â€Å"I was a victim of his violence and brutality.   Such a narration would fill a My Bondage and My Freedom   volume much larger than the present one.   I aim only to give the reader a truthful impression of my slave life, without unnecessarily affecting him with harrowing details.† (170)   As any reader could see, slaves really had no choices.   Little more, yet enough more to make it appealing, were afforded free African Americans in America.   Douglass writes of the isolation of being a free slave, â€Å"For a time, every door seemed closed against me.   A sense of my loneliness and helplessness crept over me, and covered me with something bordering on despair.   In the midst of thousands of my fellowmen, and yet a perfect stranger!† (253) In his life Douglass chose not to give into the helplessness or despair that he writes of.   He chose to speak out and found himself at home with the abolitionist cause.   Douglass was an eloquent orator who constantly strove to bring his people into a different light.   One of his main objectives was to, â€Å"Chang(e) the estimation in which the colored people of the United States were held.† (xxiii)   He would do this through educating himself, through the speeches he gave, through the books he published and through newspapers like the North Star.   It seems he chose to educate rather than violate. The ramification of Douglass’ life and his choices were felt far and wide.   From the early beginnings of the abolitionist movement to the passing of the Fifteenth Amendment, to the eventual de-segregation of schools in the 1950’s, early pioneers of the anti-slavery movement set the wheels in motion for later events. Douglass closes his book by saying, â€Å"I shall labor in the future, as I have labored in the past, to promote the moral, social, religious, and intellectual elevation of the free colored people; never forgetting my own humble origin, nor refusing, while Heaven lends me ability, to use my voice, my pen, or my vote, to advocate the great and primary work of the universal and unconditional emancipation of my entire race.† (300)   His work and his words still continue today. How to cite â€Å"My Bondage and My Freedom†, Essay examples

“My Bondage and My Freedom” Free Essays

My Bondage and My Freedom is Frederick Douglass’ second autobiography, written in 1855.   It is important to remember that this work was written before Abraham Lincoln was elected President and before the Civil War. Slavery was becoming a volatile issue in the South and was threatening to split our young nation in two. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"My Bondage and My Freedom† or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Additionally, it is important to remember that while slavery had some supporters in other sections of the nation, it was mainly a Southern issue. This is where the slaves were bought and sold and this is where the plantations depended so heavily on slave labor to be able to produce a product that was then sold and reaped great profits.   White American’s attitude differed depending on where they lived and how close they were to the issue; for the purpose of this paper the focus will be on attitudes in the South. In 1790 all white persons were granted citizenship in the United States.   This indicates how most white people felt about African Americans.   They were seen as, at best, a lower class and, at worst, no better than the animals that helped around the farm; the cows and the horses.   However, in some small towns slaves became part of the family and the family worked alongside their slaves to ensure survival.   This, unfortunately, was not Douglass’ experience.   Douglass writes, â€Å"After the valuation, then came the division.   This was an hour of high excitement and distressing anxiety.   Our destiny was now to be fixed for life, and we had no more voice in the decision of the question, than the oxen and cows that stood chewing at the haymow.† (138) Choices afforded to slaves were few and far between.   They were told where they would work, live, and be.   If they were lucky, they worked in a home where it was warm and relatively comfortable.   If they were unlucky or rebellious they were sent to slave breakers who were considered professionals at breaking the will of slaves who constantly ran or disobeyed their owners.   Douglass writes of his experience with one such man whom he calls Mr. Covey.   â€Å"I was a victim of his violence and brutality.   Such a narration would fill a My Bondage and My Freedom   volume much larger than the present one.   I aim only to give the reader a truthful impression of my slave life, without unnecessarily affecting him with harrowing details.† (170)   As any reader could see, slaves really had no choices.   Little more, yet enough more to make it appealing, were afforded free African Americans in America.   Douglass writes of the isolation of being a free slave, â€Å"For a time, every door seemed closed against me.   A sense of my loneliness and helplessness crept over me, and covered me with something bordering on despair.   In the midst of thousands of my fellowmen, and yet a perfect stranger!† (253) In his life Douglass chose not to give into the helplessness or despair that he writes of.   He chose to speak out and found himself at home with the abolitionist cause.   Douglass was an eloquent orator who constantly strove to bring his people into a different light.   One of his main objectives was to, â€Å"Chang(e) the estimation in which the colored people of the United States were held.† (xxiii)   He would do this through educating himself, through the speeches he gave, through the books he published and through newspapers like the North Star.   It seems he chose to educate rather than violate. The ramification of Douglass’ life and his choices were felt far and wide.   From the early beginnings of the abolitionist movement to the passing of the Fifteenth Amendment, to the eventual de-segregation of schools in the 1950’s, early pioneers of the anti-slavery movement set the wheels in motion for later events. Douglass closes his book by saying, â€Å"I shall labor in the future, as I have labored in the past, to promote the moral, social, religious, and intellectual elevation of the free colored people; never forgetting my own humble origin, nor refusing, while Heaven lends me ability, to use my voice, my pen, or my vote, to advocate the great and primary work of the universal and unconditional emancipation of my entire race.† (300)   His work and his words still continue today. How to cite â€Å"My Bondage and My Freedom†, Essay examples

Imelda Marcos free essay sample

Imelda R. Marcos (born Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez on July 2, 1929) is a Filipino politician and widow of former Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos. Upon the ascension of her husband to political power, she held various positions to the government until 1986. She is the first politician elected as member of the Philippine legislature in three geographical locations (Manila, Leyte, Ilocos Norte). In 2010, she was elected to become a member of the House of Representatives to represent Ilocos Nortes second district.She is sometimes referred to as the Steel Butterfly or the Iron Butterfly. [1][2] She is often remembered for symbols of the extravagance of her husbands political reign, including her collection of 2,700 pairs of shoes. [3] Ancestry Marcos was born in Manila, Philippines. Her paternal ancestors were wealthy, landed and prominent, and claimed to have founded the town of Tolosa, Leyte. The Lopezes were descended from the Spanish friar and silversmith Don Francisco Lopez, originally from Granada, in the Andalusian region of Spain. We will write a custom essay sample on Imelda Marcos or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Together with Fray Salustiano Buz, he arrived by way of Acapulco to build Roman Catholic missions in the island provinces of Samar and Leyte (Buz would establish his home base in Palapag, Samar, the exit-entry point of the Manila Galleons in the Visayas islands). [4] Early life and career Her branch of the family was not political. Her father, Vicente Orestes Romualdez, a law professor at Saint Pauls College and the administrator of the Romualdez Law Offices founded by his brother (Imeldas Uncle), Philippine Supreme Court Justice Norberto Lopez Romualdez, was a scholarly man more interested in music and culture than public life. He was a traditionalist, preferring to teach in Spanish while the rest of the students and faculty spoke English and Tagalog. Marcos had a younger brother, Benjamin Romualdez (1930-2012). [5] Her mother, Remedios Trinidad y de Guzman or Remedios T. Romualdez, a former boarder at the Asilo de San Vicente de Paul (Looban Convent) in Paco, Manila, was said to have been born out of wedlock, the child of a friar. [6] Remedios was from the town of Baliuag, Bulacan, and her own mother was from Capiz.

Principles of Organisation Behaviour Concept

Question: Explain the principles of Organisation Behaviour. Answer: Introduction Employee satisfaction is a concept that determines the degree of satisfaction that employees get in an organization and this shows the level of engagement and interest. The contended employees work well and there are fulfilling needs that help to fulfil the desires of an employee towards its organization (Eslami Gharakhani, 2012). The responsibility is highly considered by satisfied employees and they work for growth and development of an organization through which an organizations commitment is observed with the increase in job performance. Organizations can immensely garner and perform well when the employees are committed towards their work and this is a pride for organization and its members when employee retention rate is lower and the goals with its moral values are respected with an increase in the productivity. Management is involved for employee engagement plans and employee involvement for the development of Walmart which is considered in this study. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment are interlinked as such job satisfaction is the base to fulfill the organizational objectives and organizational commitments. When employees are satisfied because of the job security and human resource perspective policies in an organization, the level of acceptance and employee retention is considered. The manager determines the key success factors that help to increase the level of job satisfaction which in turn helps for organization commitment and strategic management plans. The competitive environment has increased the globalization and its perspectives that are beneficial consequences and is an increased effectiveness. It is observed as such in an organization from a survey that employees who are satisfied perform their responsibilities and duties in their job and are subsequently performing well as per organizational commitment. Body The retail industry has been well established with the supply and distribution channel that has a diverse effect for the retail companies all over the world. The open market and the innovation in the business have made strong efforts to move according to the business operations effectively and with utmost reliable information. Job satisfaction in the retail industry has made improvements towards the employment opportunity all over the world. At this end, the increase in the employment opportunity may determine the job satisfaction and organizational commitment concepts. Walmart is actually the largest retail sector that has several stores as their chain all over the world with the multinational brands and discounts that are provided by the company. The study indicates the job satisfaction and the organizational commitment by making an importance in the retail industry. Employee turnover has been a main issue that is concerned in each organization and in almost in each industry. In developed countries, there is a valid ground that has an impact over the employee turnover ratio. It is observed that employee retention is possible when employees have responsibilities that are fulfilled as in organizational commitment and individual responsibilities towards an organization (elik, 2008). If this is fulfilled by an employee, the growth and development of an organization have a positive impact. Considering the case study of Wallmart,which is one of the largest retail industry in the world, it has rules, regulations and authority towards employees and this has maintained employee retention and turnover ratio in past years. Determining the level of employee satisfaction and organizational commitment, there are findings that reveal the re al position of the company (Lambert, 2004). As far as job satisfaction and organizational commitment is emphasized in the essay, the essay reveals about Walmarts employees who are actually satisfied with their job and the others who are not committed towards an organization are unsatisfied with the reason of quitting the job opportunity and the job security they get from the company (Swailes, 2002). There are employees that are more than satisfied with the work culture and the responsibilities. The workplace conditions are mainly described in accordance with the other profiles and the pay structure. There are different pay structures which include according to the merit or may be according to the experience. Employment evaluation has made job opportunities and the job satisfaction at a higher level of interest for employees (Chen Silverthorne, 2008). Performance evaluation has taken place moderately in the company which means there are training and development program with benefits and the perk systems that are accepted in an organization. As an HR manager of the company, it is examined that Walmart has policy systems in the company still increasing the measures taken for employee turnover may be a benefit for the company. There are around 2 million people all over the globe who are employed at Walmart in one or the other store. The retail industry has developed globally and this in turn has made the biggest employment opportunity in the retail sector (Greenberg, 2005). As the retail company has large turnover, it has a competitive advantage that performs better when the human resources department have some rules and regulations towards the bottom line and the optimal use of resources in the company. A company makes all its efforts for its objectives and even for the employee satisfaction because it is the time when employees are paid according to the job profile and their skills. Employee satisfaction factor is achieved when the contemporary business environment is in practice while fulfilling the demands of employees with monetary efforts or non monetary efforts. There is a perceived relation and a connection between job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance concepts. At this end, researchers and authors have made an emphasizes about employee satisfaction and organizational commitment. As per a research, an organization makes an optimal use of human resources and if the employees are satisfied they work for the organizations goals (Schwepker, 2001). This states that employee satisfaction is a very critical factor that is important to consider in an organization. Employee satisfaction is actually a pivotal role that is influenced in order to achieve the goal, motivation and as such positive impact of employees morale standards. These are the main concepts that are expected of an organization, but in turn an organization considers the following requirements such as employee empowerment, job evaluation, promotions, perks, benefits and improved compensation plan. These are the positive change management that a company does for employee satisfaction (Karrasch, 2003). There is a correlation that stands within job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance. This is the case when Walmart adopts employee satisfaction strategy by providing its employee performance evaluation system with an increase in compensation rate as far as benefit plans matter. This shows the relation between the employee satisfaction and the job performance factors. There are no such organizations who may achieve organizational goals and achievements, if there are no right set of employees. Because of the reason, employees play a vital role in the organizations success and the contemporary business is as such a matter of importance in the competitive world (Daneshfard Ekvaniyan, 2012). On the other hand, if job satisfaction is achieved by employees, there is an impact towards the organizational commitment which means employees are working hard for achieving the organization's goals and their staff turnover is less due to employee satisfaction. When the employee turnover is controlled, absenteeism is not observed and this may be a positive impact for the growth and development of the company (Lok Crawford, 2004). So there is a correlation towards each concept and is linked to the employee satisfaction and organizational commitment concepts. There is a positive correlation that states the performance and job satisfaction point of view. For optimal use of employees, the best ever strategies are applied and implemented in an organization and this will gain the needs and requirements for growth and development of the company. There are crucial efforts made by an organization, which are undertaken in a large survey with extensive use of resource and has mainly aimed at the top level talent in the company. Employees of the company are asset of an organization who have responsibility towards an organization to fulfill the goals. There are social factors, economical factors, cultural factors, political factors, technological, environmental and legal factors that are responsible for the extent employees are satisfied in Walmart. These are critical factors that influence the employee satisfaction rate. Walmart being a well known retail company emphasize these changes (Ayeni Phopoola, 2007). Political factors may have an impact towards the degree of satisfaction that is observed in a research. With the political factors the employees feel they are being discriminated whether with race or class. Due to globalization, there are many such factors that have changed the level of commitment of employees. Economic factors may even impact and the degree of employee satisfaction. The economic factors include the work conditions in an organization, the employment opportunity and the rate of employment that the company provides. At this end, Walmart has higher rate of employment opportunities and this has made an impact towards the employees. Employees are satisfied with the working conditions and the working hours (Nagar, 2012). Technological factor has made an impact over the employee satisfaction. Information technology accepted in an organization proves that organization is well developed and is going according to the change (Alotaibi, 2001). Employees get satisfied with the level of technology used in the company, thereby they are committed towards their work. Globalization has made changes in the current organization to prove the effectiveness of competitive advantage that is dealt in Walmart. Employee satisfaction is achieved as far as globalization factor matters because employment opportunities are high at Walmart and there are 2 million employees all over the world who are working for Walmart because of the employment opportunities with job satisfaction rate. There are economic and non economic factors that influence the job satisfaction and organizational commitment in Walmart. As such the cost advantage that is adopted by the company may prove as a benefit for employees and increase the pay structure. Compensation and the benefits that are provided by the company are again entirely accepted by the employee which results in job satisfaction rate and organizational commitment. The human resources practices and policies adopted in the company matter a lot while the human resource department is managed significantly. This shows that employee involvement and employee engagement is accepted by the employees voluntarily. The net income of the company is approximately 3.7 billion dollars as per the research in 2013 (Bergmann, Lester, De Meuse Grahn, 2000). This made the demand in an employment opportunity with a higher rate of interest by the candidates and the notorious reputation of the company influence the general public to apply for the position. The job satisfaction rate is therefore high and the organizational commitment is therefore achieved as far as this is one of the reasons among many. Employment treatment and higher salaries are one of the reasons for job satisfaction rate and organizational commitment as well. The structure of the company is managed in such a way that employees get satisfied as far as human resources practices are adopted. Employee morale is considered in the company and responsibility and authority are measured at this end. The rules, supervisions and the policies are well framed in the company so that employees get a fair compensation and equal pay at each level and phase. This becomes a positive impact for the employees to give their best as far as promotion matters with change management system adopted by the company. There are some disappointments that can be ignored as far as absenteeism in the company matters. Conclusion The study conducts the findings that explore the perspirations and the perceptions of employees towards the company. There are certain measures that may help to fulfill the research with inherent interest. The fact that Walmart was selected here for the concepts of job satisfaction is due to an employment opportunity and employment relations it has towards its employees because the organization is well known, this may impact positively. The role of a manager in a service organization is to build the teamwork among the employees while even emphasizing the need of employees. What is perceived at the next stage is job satisfaction of employees, which may enhance and increase the level of perceived objectives that are pre decided in the strategic planning process. Organizational commitment is observed and growth opportunities may flourish with the help of employee engagement and employee involvement. Employee retention rate is being standardized and this is keenly observed in Walmart. To work and support employees in a service organization describe about the level of leadership attitudes adopted in an organization which again helps to achieve the job satisfaction and organizational commitment concepts. A contemporary manager builds and sustains the organizational commitment, attitude and motivates employees to achieve organizational and personal objectives. There are specific factors that influence the employees level of job satisfaction in a Walmart retail company. This even means that organizational commitment is achieved with those specific factors. Walmart being one of the well known retail company operates with thousands of department stores over the world. This shows how the organization would have been working for years by achieving growth and development in each of the countries. The human resource management practices make an influence towards the employee satisfaction and organizational commitment concepts. There are attitudes that are carried out by the company to satisfy employees. The human resource management practices adopted by Walmart has emphasized the employee satisfaction rate. There is an intense relationship between the job satisfaction and the organizational commitment that has an influence over the company objectives. As such managers contribute and help to complete the purpose of an organization and indicates this as a normative commitment which is significantly a very important factor to perceive. 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